Long-term follow-up results of anti-BCMA CAR-T cell therapy combined with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma with extramedullary disease

This retrospective study analyzed 18 patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma and extramedullary disease, comparing anti-BCMA CAR-T therapy alone to its combination with autologous stem cell transplantation. Results showed the combination therapy significantly improved progression-free and overall survival. While associated with higher-grade cytokine release syndrome, the combined approach achieved a 100% overall response rate and durable clinical responses.