Advancing multiple myeloma immunotherapy: A review of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell and bispecific T-cell engagers cell therapies in revolutionizing treatment

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy and bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) are emerging as promising immunotherapies for multiple myeloma (MM). These therapies have shown impressive efficacy in clinical trials, leading to FDA approvals for specific MM patient populations. CAR T-cell therapy modifies patient T-cells to target specific antigens, while BiTEs engage both CD3 and tumor-associated antigens. BiTE therapy provides an off-the-shelf approach, whereas CAR T-cell therapy necessitates weeks of cell engineering. Ongoing research aims to enhance accessibility, efficacy and overcome resistance to these therapies.