Therapeutic outcome of combination therapy using immune-checkpoint inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors for metastatic non-clear-cell renal cell carcinoma

This retrospective study reviewed the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis in patients with metastatic non-clear-cell RCC who received combination therapy using an immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) plus a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and two ICIs (ipilimumab plus nivolumab), to clarify the therapeutic outcome of these two combination therapies. Progression-free survival, overall survival, objective response rates, and adverse events were compared.