Advancing autoimmune rheumatic disease treatment: CAR T-cell therapies—evidence, safety, and future directions

Last Updated: Wednesday, September 10, 2025

A literature review examining the current evidence, potential safety, limitations, potential modifications, and future directions of the use of CAR T cells in autoimmune rheumatic diseases. The authors concluded that CAR T-cell therapy appears to demonstrate high effectiveness for autoimmune rheumatic diseases with no significant warning signs currently reported. Challenges include cost, durability, and manufacturing complexities.

Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism

U.S. Food and Drug Administration

FDA eliminates risk evaluation and mitigation strategies (REMS) for autologous chimeric antigen receptor CAR T-cell immunotherapies

Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer

rhIL-7-hyFc, a long-acting interleukin-7, improves efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy in solid tumors

Nature Reviews Immunology

In vivo CAR engineering for immunotherapy

Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism

Advancing autoimmune rheumatic disease treatment: CAR T-cell therapies—evidence, safety, and future directions

Blood Advances

BCMA-directed CAR T-cell therapy in patients with multiple myeloma and CNS involvement

Blood Advances

Inequalities in CAR T-cell therapy access for US patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL: A SEER-Medicare data analysis

Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer

Novel PAP-targeted CAR-T therapy enhances antitumor efficacy through CoupledCAR approach

Stem Cells Translational Medicine

Anti-viral CD8 central memory veto cells as a new platform for CAR T cell therapy

Transplantation and Cellular Therapy

Neurotoxicity and rare adverse events in BCMA-directed CAR T cell therapy: A comprehensive analysis of real-world FAERS data

Transplantation and Cellular Therapy

Clinical experience with cranial nerve impairment in the CARTITUDE-1, CARTITUDE-2 cohorts A, B, and C, and CARTITUDE-4 studies of ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel)

CAR T-Cell Therapy Resource Center

Advancing autoimmune rheumatic disease treatment: CAR T-cell therapies—evidence, safety, and future directions

U.S. Food and Drug Administration

FDA eliminates risk evaluation and mitigation strategies (REMS) for autologous chimeric antigen receptor CAR T-cell immunotherapies

Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer

rhIL-7-hyFc, a long-acting interleukin-7, improves efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy in solid tumors

Nature Reviews Immunology

In vivo CAR engineering for immunotherapy

Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism

Advancing autoimmune rheumatic disease treatment: CAR T-cell therapies—evidence, safety, and future directions

Blood Advances

BCMA-directed CAR T-cell therapy in patients with multiple myeloma and CNS involvement

Blood Advances

Inequalities in CAR T-cell therapy access for US patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL: A SEER-Medicare data analysis

Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer

Novel PAP-targeted CAR-T therapy enhances antitumor efficacy through CoupledCAR approach

Stem Cells Translational Medicine

Anti-viral CD8 central memory veto cells as a new platform for CAR T cell therapy

Transplantation and Cellular Therapy

Neurotoxicity and rare adverse events in BCMA-directed CAR T cell therapy: A comprehensive analysis of real-world FAERS data

Transplantation and Cellular Therapy

Clinical experience with cranial nerve impairment in the CARTITUDE-1, CARTITUDE-2 cohorts A, B, and C, and CARTITUDE-4 studies of ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel)

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Following CAR T-Cell Therapy in a Patient With Multiple Myeloma

Bloodless Medicine Management of a Patient Receiving CAR T-Cell Therapy

Transverse Myelitis With Paraplegia: An Atypical Manifestation of Neurotoxicity Following CAR T-Cell Therapy

Fast Facts #12: BCMA Targets